Introduction To The Physics
1. What are the two main tools of physics?
Solution: The two main tools of physics are logic and experimentation.
2. What are drawbacks of classical physics?
Solution: Some aspects of classical physics do not work for the tiny world of the atoms or objects travelling at very high speed.
3. What is the difference between classical physics and modern physics?
Solution: Classical physics describes correctly and precisely the behavior of macroscopic bodies. However, it does not work for the interior of the atom and for the motion at speeds near the speed of light. The application of theory of relativity and quantum theory to the description of such microscopic systems as atoms, molecules and nuclei and to a detailed understanding of solids, liquids and gases is often referred to as modern physics.
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| Class XI - Physics- Chapter 1 |
4. What is importance of mathematics for physics?
Solution: The laws of physics are generalizations from observation and experiments. When these laws are expressed in mathematical forms, they are unambiguous. They do not have dual meanings that so often confuse the discussion of ideas expressed in common language. When findings of nature are expressed mathematically, they are easier to verify or disprove by experiments.
5. What is the difference between a theory and a model?
Solution: Usually, a model is fairly simple and provides a structural similarity to the phenomenon being studied. However, a theory is broader more detailed and attempts to solve a set of problems often with mathematical precision.
6. The theories of science are not fixed but undergo changes. Discuss.
Solution: The history of science shows that theories come and go; that long held theories are replaced by new ones. For example, during the last hundred years, the theory of atom has repeatedly refined as new evidence on atomic behavior has been gathered. A new theory is accepted only if it explains a greater range of phenomena than does the older one.
7. What are the laws of physics?
Solution: Among all the sciences, physics is the most basic science. It is quantitative science. Its goal is to describe all phenomena in the physical world in terms of a few relationships between measured properties of matter and energy. These fundamental relationships are called the laws of physics. They are the statements of great generality derived from a wide range of phenomena.
8. What is physics inherently simple?
Solution: Physics is inherently simple. It is because there are only a few basic laws to learn; if you really understand these laws, you can readily apply them in a wide variety of situations.
9. Explain the terms i) fact ii) hypothesis iii) scientific method
Solution: Fact is a phenomenon about which competent observers who have made a series of observations are in agreement.
A hypothesis is an educated guess; a reasonable explanation of an observation or experimental result that is not fully accepted as factual until tested over and over again by experiment.
A scientific method is an orderly method for gaining, organizing and applying new knowledge.
10.Difference between law and theory.
Solution: A law in general statement about the relationship of natural quantities that has been tested over and over again and has not been contradicted. For less general statements, the term principle is used such as Archimedes’ principle.
A theory is a synthesis of a large body of information and encompasses well tested and verified hypothesis about certain aspects of the natural world.
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